PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION CSS SYLLABUS (100 MARKS)

I. Public Administration: Concepts, Approaches, and Context

1. Definitions
2. Role and Scope of Public Administration in Society
3. Issues in Public Administration Theory and Practice
   • Democracy versus Bureaucracy
   • Politics versus Administration
   • Efficiency versus Equity
4. Core Values of Public Administration
   • Rule of Law
   • Efficiency
   • Equity and Fairness
   • Responsiveness
5. Traditional Public Administration
6. New Public Management
7. New Public Service
8. Governance Approach to Public Administration
9. Islamic Concept of Public Administration
10. Historical Roots of Public Administration in Pakistan

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II. Public Administration: Classical and Contemporary Theories and Concepts

1. Bureaucracy
2. Scientific Management
3. Human Relations Approach
4. Leadership
5. Motivation
6. Network Governance
7. Strategic Management
8. Public Choice Theory
9. Types of Organizational Structure
10. Organization of Federal, Provincial, and Local Government in Pakistan
11. Administrative Culture of Pakistan
12. Inter-governmental Relations at Federal and Provincial Levels in Pakistan

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III. Public Policy Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation

1. Strategic Planning and Management
2. Planning Process
3. Policy Analysis
4. Policy Implementation
5. Program Evaluation
6. Planning Machinery
7. Role of Donors and International Institutions in Public Policy and Management
8. Policy Making and Implementation in Pakistan

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IV. Budgeting and Financial Management

1. Budget as a Policy Tool
2. The Budget as a Managerial Tool
3. Principles of Budgeting, Audit, and Accounting in Government
4. Types of Budgeting Systems
   • Line-Item Budgeting
   • Performance Budgeting
   • Program Budgeting
   • Zero-Base Budgeting
   • Outcome-Based Budgeting
5. Planning and Budgeting in Pakistan

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V. Managing Human Resources

1. Spoils System versus Merit System in Public Employment
2. Personnel versus Human Resources Management
3. Closed System versus Open System of Public Employment
4. Functions of Human Resources Management
5. Implementation of HRM in Public Sector
   • Key Issues and Challenges

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VI. Administrative Law

1. Meaning, Scope, and Significance
2. Nature and Contents of Administrative Law
3. Administrative Ethics
4. Delegation of Authority and Legislation
5. Administrative Tribunals
6. Administrative Law in Pakistan

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VII. Public Management Skills

1. Planning
2. Decision Making
3. Conflict Management
4. Leading
5. Communication
6. Administrative Buffering
7. Managing Change
8. Managing Diversity
9. Stress Management
10. Delegation
11. Public Service Motivation
12. Creativity and Problem-Solving
13. Issues of Public Management

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VIII. The Civil Service of Pakistan

1. Historical Background of Civil Service
2. Structure of the Civil Service
3. History of Civil Service Reform
4. Management of Civil Service
5. Institutional and Cultural Context of Civil Service
6. Role of Civil Service in Good Governance
7. Gender and Civil Service

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IX. Organization of Provincial and Local Government

1. Governance Structure of Provincial Administration
2. Organization of Provincial Secretariat
3. Organization and Functions of Provincial Authorities and Agencies
   • Relationship with Government Departments
4. Post-devolution Local Governance
5. Organization and Functions of District Government and Administration
6. Organization and Structure of City District Government
7. Issues and Challenges of Local Governance

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X. Governance and Administrative Reforms

1. Theories of Administrative Reforms
2. Types of Administrative Reforms
3. Privatization
4. Regulation
5. De-regulation
6. Decentralization
7. Partnerships and Collaboration
8. Business Re-engineering
9. Quality Assurance
10. Administrative Reform in Pakistan

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XI. Public Administration Accountability and Control

1. Bureaucratic Responsiveness
2. Representative Bureaucracy
3. Citizen Engagement in Public Service
4. Accountability and Control
   • Concept and Approaches to Public Accountability
5. Institutional Framework for Administrative Accountability
   • Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Control over Administration
6. Administrative Corruption
7. Role of Civil Society in Good Governance
   • Media
   • Interest Groups
   • Civil Society Organizations
8. The Situation in Pakistan

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XII. Public Administration and Development

1. Role of Public Administration in Development
2. Concept of Development Administration
3. Difference Between Development Administration and Development Management
4. Changing Role of Public Administration in Development
5. Issues and Challenges of Public Administration in Pakistan